Address: the act of taking a stance and placing the clubhead behind the ball.
Alignment: The position of a player's body relative to the target line of the ball.
Angle of Attack: Also referred to as "Angle of Approach". The angle at which the club head strikes the ball. This affects the trajectory the ball will travel and spin
Apron: The grass surface on the perimeter of the green that separates it from the fairway
Back Nine: Holes 10 through 18 on a golf course
Backspin: The spin imparted to a ball when struck with a sloping clubface. In the air, backspin generates aerodynamic lift causing the ball to follow a higher trajectory than would otherwise be the case, often resulting in a significantly longer carry. On landing, backspin causes the ball to stop more quickly, even to spin backward. Also called bite .
Ball Marker: any small object used to indicate where a player's ball is on the green. Coins are common ball-markers .
Banana: An extreme slice.
Bare lie: When the ball is lying directly on hard ground, making it difficult to get the clubface on the ball.
Barkie: achieving a score of par or better on a hole after the ball hits a tree on the same hole.
Baseball Grip: Hand position in which all ten fingers are on the club. Also called a “Ten Finger Grip
Birdie: A hole played one under par
Bite: Heavy backspin which causes the ball to stop quickly instead of rolling after it lands
Blade: 1) Type of club created by forging metal instead of from a cast mold. Little or no perimeter weighting. 2) Striking the ball with the leading edge instead of the face of the club. Also called thin, belly, in the forehead.
Blind: A shot that does not allow the player to see where the ball will land.
Block: A shot that, for the right handed golfer, goes far right on a straight line, unlike a slice which curves from left to right. Also called push.
Bogey: A hole played one over par.
Bounce: the measure of the angle from the front edge of a club's sole to the point that rests on the ground when addressing the ball.
Clubs (usually wedges) with a higher bounce angle will resist digging into the turf.
Break: The amount of curve one must account for on a putt. Across the pond it is known as “borrow.”
Bump and Run: a low-trajectory shot that is intended to get the ball rolling along the fairway and up onto the green. Similar to a chip shot, but played from a greater distance.
Bunker: Another name for a sand trap.
Caddie: Person who carries a players clubs and often offers advice.
Carry: The length a ball travels or needs to travel in the air.
Casual Water: Any temporary accumulations of water that are visible before or after a player takes his stance and is not a hazard or in a water hazard. A player may lift his ball from casual water without penalty.
Chili Dip: To hit the ground before the ball, usually producing a shorter than planned shot.
Chip: (also “chip and run” or “bump and run”) a shot designed to roll farther than it flies.
Closed: refers to clubface or stance. For a right handed golfer, the face is aligned left of the intended target. A closed stance is when the righty golfer’s feet and/or shoulders are aimed right of the target line.
Collar: see apron.
Cut: 1) for a right handed golfer, a “cut” or “cut shot” curves gently from left to right. 2) The highest score allowed for further play in a tournament. 3) the height that the grass is mowed ( 1st cut, 2nd cut, etc.).
Dimple: Indentations on golf ball designed to increase turbulence and cause the ball to spin and lift.
Divot: A piece of turf removed by a club during a swing.
Dogleg: a hole in which the fairway has a bend in it, like a dog’s rear leg.
Draw: A shot which, for the right handed golfer, curves from right to left.
Duffer: an unskilled golfer. See also hacker, chop.
Eagle: 2 strokes under par for a single hole.
Fade: a shot that, for the right handed golfer, curves gently from left to right.
Fairway: the closely mown area between the tee and green, usually with rough on either side.
Fat shot: A shot where the club hits the ground before the ball, resulting in significant loss of distance.
Flier: a lie in which grass is likely to be caught between the clubface and ball at impact reducing friction and spin, often creating shots that go farther than intended.
Fore!: a warning to golfers who may be in danger of being hit by a ball in flight.
Fringe: see apron.
Frog hair: see fringe.
Grounding the club: placing the clubhead on the ground behind the ball at address. Not allowed in a hazard.
Ground under repair: A part of the course ( usually marked ) that is being repaired. A ball must be removed from this area and played without penalty.
Hardpan: a lie consisting of very hard turf (often bare).
Hazard: any bunker (usually a hollow of some kind with a prepared surface, generally sand or similar) or water hazard ( sea, lake, ditch, pond, etc. usually marked with red or yellow stakes or lines).
Heel: the part of the club that is nearest the hosel or shaft Hook: a shot that, for the right handed golfer, curves to the left.
Hosel: the neck of the club where the head connects to the shaft. Hitting the ball off the hosel is called a “shank.”
Hybrid: a club that is a combination of a wood and an iron.
Impact: the instant the club strikes the ball
Iron: the flat faced, narrower soled clubs, usually numbered 1 – 9 indicating increasing loft on the face.
Jail: when the ball is in a position where there is no favorable outcome.
Lateral water hazard: water hazard running on either side of the line of play. Marked with red stakes or lines.
Launch angle: the initial trajectory of a ball off a clubface relative to the ground.
Lay up: to purposely hit a shot short of the green, usually to avoid trouble and leave the player with a more manageable shot to the green.
Lie: 1) the ground that the ball is resting on 2) the number of strokes a player has played on the current hole.
Lie Angle: the angle between the sole of the club and the shaft.
Line: the expected path of the ball to the hole.
Loft: the angle between a clubs face and shaft.
Loose impediment: any natural object that is not fixed or growing.
Mulligan: taking a second attempt at a shot when the first is not desired. A “do over”(not allowed in the rules).
Nassau: a type of wager that is 3 separate bets – the front 9, back 9, and 18 hole score.
Offset: when the leading edge of a clubhead is set back from the shaft. Helps to stabilize the clubface at impact, resisting torque.
Out of Bounds: area or perimeter which is not part of the golf course, usually marked with white stakes or lines.
Par: Standard score for a hole or course – written on the scorecard.
Pin: (flagstick) the stick in the hole that holds the flag.
Pin High: when the ball is the correct distance to the flagstick, but is right or left of the flag.
Rough: Tall grass that borders the fairway, greens, hazards, and teeing areas.
Sand Trap: another name for a bunker.
Shank: when the neck or hosel of the club strikes the ball, resulting in a shot that can travel left or right and low.
Slice: a shot that curves sharply to the right for the right handed golfer.
Sole: the bottom of the clubhead.
Tee: 1) a wooden (normally) peg on which a ball may be placed for driving. 2) the area which is used to hit the first shot on a hole.
Turn: to start the back 9 holes of a round.
Unplayable Lie: when the ball has come to rest in a position where it would be next to impossible to advance. The player may then under penalty of one stroke take relief in order to continue.
Water hazard: ditch, pond, or stream usually marked by yellow or red (lateral water hazard) stakes.
Wood: a club with a long shaft and large, rounded head. Previously made of wood, the heads are now primarily metal.
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